CWHM-12 is a potent inhibitor of αV integrins with IC₅₀s of 0.2, 0.8, 1.5, and 1.8 nM for αvβ8, αvβ3, αvβ6, and αvβ1.

IC50: 0.2 nM (αvβ8), 0.8 nM (αvβ3), 1.5 nM (αvβ6), 1.8 nM (αvβ1), 61 nM (αvβ5)^[1]

CWHM-12 (CWHM 12) also less potently inhibits αvβ5 (IC₅₀=61 nM) and αIIbβ3/α2β1/α10β1 (IC₅₀>5000 nM). CWHM-12 demonstrates high potency against all of the five possible β subunit binding partners (αvβ1, αvβ3, αvβ5, αvβ6 and αvβ8) in in vitro ligand-binding assays, with somewhat less potency against αvβ5 than against the other αv integrins^[1].

上海金畔生物科技有限公司 has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Mice are treated with CCl₄ for 3 weeks to establish fibrotic disease and then treated with CWHM-12 (CWHM 12) or vehicle for the final 3 weeks of CCl₄. CWHM-12 significantly reduces liver fibrosis even after fibrotic disease have been established. Digital image quantitation demonstrates significantly reduced p-SMAD3 signaling in the livers of CWHM-12 treated mice compare to controls, demonstrating that the protection from CCl₄-induced hepatic fibrosis observed in CWHM-12 treated mice is due at least in part to a reduction in TGF-β activation by αv integrins. Besides, administration of CWHM-12 significantly inhibited progression of pulmonary fibrosis^[1].

上海金畔生物科技有限公司 has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

590.47

C₂₆H₃₂BrN₅O₆

1564286-55-0

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Powder	-20°C	3 years
	4°C	2 years
In solvent	-80°C	6 months
	-20°C	1 month

In Vitro: 

DMSO : 100 mg/mL (169.36 mM; Need ultrasonic)

*

请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。
储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month。-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。

In Vivo:

请根据您的实验动物和给药方式选择适当的溶解方案。以下溶解方案都请先按照 In Vitro 方式配制澄清的储备液，再依次添加助溶剂：

——为保证实验结果的可靠性，澄清的储备液可以根据储存条件，适当保存；体内实验的工作液，建议您现用现配，当天使用； 以下溶剂前显示的百
分比是指该溶剂在您配制终溶液中的体积占比；如在配制过程中出现沉淀、析出现象，可以通过加热和/或超声的方式助溶

• 1.

  请依序添加每种溶剂： 10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% saline

  Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (3.52 mM); Clear solution

  此方案可获得 ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (3.52 mM，饱和度未知) 的澄清溶液。

  以 1 mL 工作液为例，取 100 μL 20.8 mg/mL 的澄清 DMSO 储备液加到 400 μL PEG300 中，混合均匀；向上述体系中加入50 μL Tween-80，混合均匀；然后继续加入 450 μL生理盐水定容至 1 mL。

  将 0.9 g 氯化钠，完全溶解于 100 mL ddH₂O 中，得到澄清透明的生理盐水溶液

• 2.

  请依序添加每种溶剂： 10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)

  Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (3.52 mM); Clear solution

  此方案可获得 ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (3.52 mM，饱和度未知) 的澄清溶液。

  以 1 mL 工作液为例，取 100 μL 20.8 mg/mL 的澄清 DMSO 储备液加到 900 μL 20% 的 SBE-β-CD 生理盐水水溶液中，混合均匀。

  将 2 g 磺丁基醚 β-环糊精加入 5 mL 生理盐水中，再用生理盐水定容至 10 mL，完全溶解，澄清透明
• 3.

  请依序添加每种溶剂： 10% DMSO    90% corn oil

  Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (3.52 mM); Clear solution

  此方案可获得 ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (3.52 mM，饱和度未知) 的澄清溶液，此方案不适用于实验周期在半个月以上的实验。

  以 1 mL 工作液为例，取 100 μL 20.8 mg/mL 的澄清 DMSO 储备液加到 900 μL玉米油中，混合均匀。

• [1]. Henderson NC, et al. Targeting of αv integrin identifies a core molecular pathway that regulates fibrosis in several organs. Nat Med. 2013 Dec;19(12):1617-24.

Functions of integrins αvβ1, αvβ8, α2β1 and α10β1 are measured using cell-free receptor-ligand interaction assays using purified recombinant human integrins. Ligands used are human fibronectin for αvβ1, human LAP for αvβ8, bovine collagen II for α2β1, and murine laminin I for α10β1. 96-well plates are coated with the predetermined optimal concentration of ligand overnight, washed 3X with TBS+++ (25 mM Tris pH7.4, 137 mM NaCl, 2.7 mM KCl, 1 mM MgCl₂, 1 mM MnCl₂, 1mM CaCl₂), and blocked with TBS+++/1%BSA. Purified integrin is diluted in TBS+++/0.1%BSA with or without compounds (e.g., CWHM-12), and the solution added to empty wells of the washed ligand-coated plate according to a standard template, with each sample repeated in triplicate. After incubation for 2 hr at room temperature, the plate is washed 3X with TBS+++. Biotin-labeled antibody against the αv subunit (αvβ1, αvβ8 assays) or β1 subunit (α2β1, α10β1 assays) is applied for 1 hr. The plate is washed 3X with TBS/0.1%BSA. Streptavidin-conjugated horseradish peroxidase is added to the wells, and the plate incubated for 20 min at room temperature. Following a 3X TBS+++ wash, bound integrin is detected using streptavidin-conjugated horseradish peroxidase and TMB substrate with absorbance measured at 650 nm. For assay of αIIbβ3 (IIbIIIa) function, plates are coated with the purified human integrin overnight, washed 3X with TBS+++, and blocked with TBS+++/1%BSA. Alexa Fluor647-labeled purified human fibrinogen is diluted in TBS+++/0.1%BSA with or without compounds, and the solutions are added to the integrin-coated plate. After 2 hr incubation, the plate is washed 3X with TBS+++, and bound ligand is detected by absorbance measured at 640/668nm. For all assays, concentration-response curves are constructed by non-linear regression analysis and IC₅₀ values are calculated using GraphPad Prism software^[1].

上海金畔生物科技有限公司 has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

The stably transfected human 293 cells over-expressing human αvβ3 or αvβ5 are pre-incubated in HBSS buffer containing 200 μM MnCl₂ for 30 min at 37°C with 3-fold dilutions of compound (e.g., CWHM-12). Each sample is then added to triplicate wells of a 96-well plate which has been coated overnight at 4°C with a predetermined optimal concentration of purified vitronectin, washed, blocked by 1 hr incubation with BSA, and washed again. Cells are allowed to attach for 30 min at 37°C, and non-adherent cells are removed by washing. Remaining attached cells are measured by endogenous alkaline phosphatase activity using para-nitrophenyl phosphate and reading absorbance signal at 405 nM. The same procedure is used to measure adhesion of αvβ6-expressing human HT-29 cells to purified human latency associated peptide, and α5β1-expressing human K562 cells to human plasma fibronectin. In all cell-based assays, binding by the expected integrin is verified by testing activity of corresponding isotype-matched positive (function-blocking) and negative control antibodies^[1].

上海金畔生物科技有限公司 has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Mice^[1]
The mTmG (Td tomato/EGFP) and Ai14 (Rosa-CAG-LSL-tdTomato-WPRE) mice are used and crossed with Pdgfrb-Cre mice. Wild type C57/BL6 mice, Itgav^flox/flox mice and itgb8^flox/flox mice are used. Mice used for all experiments are 8-12 weeks old and are housed under specific pathogen-free conditions. For all studies CWHM-12 and CWHM-96 are solubilized in 50% DMSO (in sterile water) and dosed to 100 mg/kg/day. Drug or vehicle (50% DMSO) are delivered by implantable ALZET osmotic minipumps. For CCl₄-induced fibrosis, pumps are inserted subcutaneously either before the first dose of CCl₄ (prophylactic) or after 3 weeks of treatment (therapeutic) and livers are harvested after 6 weeks. For Bleomycin-induced fibrosis pumps are inserted 14 days after treatment with Bleomycin or saline and lungs are harvested at 28 days (therapeutic only).

上海金畔生物科技有限公司 has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

• [1]. Henderson NC, et al. Targeting of αv integrin identifies a core molecular pathway that regulates fibrosis in several organs. Nat Med. 2013 Dec;19(12):1617-24.