GW 501516 (GW 1516) is a PPARδ agonist with an EC₅₀ of 1.1 nM^[1].

GW 501516 is shown to be the most potent and selective PPARδ agonists known with an EC₅₀ of 1.1 nM against PPARδ and 1000-fold selectivity over the other human subtypes, PPARα and-γ^[1]. GW 501516 exerts anti-inflammatory effects in mouse cultured proximal tubular (mProx) cells. GW 501516 inhibits palmitate- and TNFα-induced increases in MCP-1 mRNA expression in a dose-dependent manner^[3].

上海金畔生物科技有限公司 has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

GW 501516 causes impaired bone formation, leading to decreased BMD and deterioration of bone properties in OVX rats^[2]. GW 501516 attenuates interstitial inflammation and proximal tubular cell damage in a protein-overload mouse nephropathy model^[3]. GW 501516 treatment enhances running endurance and the proportion of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH)-positive muscle fibres in both trained and untrained mice^[4].

上海金畔生物科技有限公司 has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

453.50

C₂₁H₁₈F₃NO₃S₂

317318-70-0

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

DMSO : ≥ 100 mg/mL (220.51 mM)

* “≥” means soluble, but saturation unknown.

请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。
储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month。-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。

请根据您的实验动物和给药方式选择适当的溶解方案。以下溶解方案都请先按照 In Vitro 方式配制澄清的储备液，再依次添加助溶剂：

——为保证实验结果的可靠性，澄清的储备液可以根据储存条件，适当保存；体内实验的工作液，建议您现用现配，当天使用； 以下溶剂前显示的百
分比是指该溶剂在您配制终溶液中的体积占比；如在配制过程中出现沉淀、析出现象，可以通过加热和/或超声的方式助溶

• 1.

  请依序添加每种溶剂： 10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% saline

  Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (5.51 mM); Clear solution

  此方案可获得 ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (5.51 mM，饱和度未知) 的澄清溶液。

  以 1 mL 工作液为例，取 100 μL 25.0 mg/mL 的澄清 DMSO 储备液加到 400 μL PEG300 中，混合均匀；向上述体系中加入50 μL Tween-80，混合均匀；然后继续加入 450 μL生理盐水定容至 1 mL。

  将 0.9 g 氯化钠，完全溶解于 100 mL ddH₂O 中，得到澄清透明的生理盐水溶液

• 2.

  请依序添加每种溶剂： 10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)

  Solubility: 2.5 mg/mL (5.51 mM); Suspended solution; Need ultrasonic

  此方案可获得 2.5 mg/mL (5.51 mM) 的均匀悬浊液，悬浊液可用于口服和腹腔注射。

  以 1 mL 工作液为例，取 100 μL 25.0 mg/mL 的澄清 DMSO 储备液加到 900 μL 20% 的 SBE-β-CD 生理盐水水溶液中，混合均匀。

  将 2 g 磺丁基醚 β-环糊精加入 5 mL 生理盐水中，再用生理盐水定容至 10 mL，完全溶解，澄清透明
• 3.

  请依序添加每种溶剂： 10% DMSO    90% corn oil

  Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (5.51 mM); Clear solution

  此方案可获得 ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (5.51 mM，饱和度未知) 的澄清溶液，此方案不适用于实验周期在半个月以上的实验。

  以 1 mL 工作液为例，取 100 μL 25.0 mg/mL 的澄清 DMSO 储备液加到 900 μL玉米油中，混合均匀。

• [1]. Wei ZL, et al. A short and efficient synthesis of the pharmacological research tool GW501516 for the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta. J Org Chem. 2003 Nov 14;68(23):9116-8.

  [2]. Mosti MP, et al. Effects of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-δ agonist GW 501516 on bone and muscle in ovariectomized rats. Endocrinology. 2014 Jun;155(6):2178-89.

  [3]. Yang X, et al. GW 501516, a PPARδ agonist, ameliorates tubulointerstitial inflammation in proteinuric kidney disease via inhibition of TAK1-NFκB pathway in mice. PLoS One. 2011;6(9):e25271.

  [4]. Chen W, et al. A metabolomic study of the PPARδ agonist GW 501516 for enhancing running endurance in Kunming mice. Sci Rep. 2015 May 6;5:9884.

  [5]. Ji Y, et al. PPARβ/δ Agonist GW501516 Inhibits Tumorigenicity of Undifferentiated Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma in C666-1 Cells by Promoting Apoptosis. Front Pharmacol. 2018 Jun 28;9:648.

GW 501516 is dissolved in DMSO. Cells are starved by incubation in 0.2% FCS DMEM for 9 h, then pre-incubated with GW 501516, at a final concentration of 2.5 and 5 µM, or 0.05% DMSO as control for 3 hours, followed by stimulation with 150 µM palmitate bound to 8.0% BSA for 12 h^[3].

上海金畔生物科技有限公司 has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Rats: Female Sprague Dawley rats, 12 weeks of age, are allocated to a sham-operated group and 3 OVX groups; high-dose GW 501516 (OVX-GW5), low-dose GW 501516 (OVX-GW1), and a control group (OVX-CTR), respectively. Animals receive GW 501516 or vehicle (methylcellulose) daily for 4 months by gavage. Bone mineral density (BMD) is assessed by dual x-ray absorptiometry at the femur, spine, and whole body^[2].

Mice: Mice are randomly allocated to different groups and receive therapeutic diet and treatment. The GW 501516-containing rodent diet is made by evenly adding GW 501516 to the control diet to a final concentration of 0.04% w/w. In the control diet, 10% of the total calories are from fat (5.5% from soybean oil and 4.5% from lard)^[3].

上海金畔生物科技有限公司 has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

• [1]. Wei ZL, et al. A short and efficient synthesis of the pharmacological research tool GW501516 for the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta. J Org Chem. 2003 Nov 14;68(23):9116-8.

  [2]. Mosti MP, et al. Effects of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-δ agonist GW 501516 on bone and muscle in ovariectomized rats. Endocrinology. 2014 Jun;155(6):2178-89.

  [3]. Yang X, et al. GW 501516, a PPARδ agonist, ameliorates tubulointerstitial inflammation in proteinuric kidney disease via inhibition of TAK1-NFκB pathway in mice. PLoS One. 2011;6(9):e25271.

  [4]. Chen W, et al. A metabolomic study of the PPARδ agonist GW 501516 for enhancing running endurance in Kunming mice. Sci Rep. 2015 May 6;5:9884.

  [5]. Ji Y, et al. PPARβ/δ Agonist GW501516 Inhibits Tumorigenicity of Undifferentiated Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma in C666-1 Cells by Promoting Apoptosis. Front Pharmacol. 2018 Jun 28;9:648.