Thapsigargin, an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress inducer, is an inhibitor of microsomal Ca2+-ATPase. Thapsigargin efficiently inhibits coronavirus (HCoV-229E, MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2) replication in different cell types[1][2][3][4][5].
IC50 & Target
Ca2+-ATPase[1]
体外研究 (In Vitro)
Thapsigargin (0.001- 1 μM; for 2 and 4 days) arrests cell proliferations in MH7A human rheumatoid arthritis synovial cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner[2]. Thapsigargin (0.001- 1 μM; for 2 and 4 days) induces cell apoptosis in MH7A cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner[2]. Thapsigargin (0.001- 1 μM; for 2 and 4 days) impairs mTOR activity and leads to cyclin D1 expressions in MH7A cells[2]. Thapsigargin inhibits Ca2+ entry into human neutrophil granulocytes[1]. Thapsigargin inhibits the carbachol-evoked [Ca2+]i-transients with (IC50=0.353 nM) or without (IC50=0.448 nM) a KCl-prestimulation, but an additional small component, with a much lower sensitivity (IC50=4814 nM), is observed in the absence of a KCl-prestimulation. In contrast, the KCl-evoked [Ca2+]i-transients displayed only one component with a very low sensitivity to Thapsigargin in both absence (IC50=3343 nM) and presence (IC50=6858 nM) of a carbachol-prestimulation[3].
MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Cell Proliferation Assay[2]
Cell Line:
MH7A human rheumatoid arthritis synovial cells
Concentration:
0.001, 0.1, and 1 μM
Incubation Time:
For 2 and 4 days
Result:
Arrested cell proliferations in a time- and dose-dependent manner.
Apoptosis Analysis[2]
Cell Line:
MH7A human rheumatoid arthritis synovial cells
Concentration:
0.001, 0.1, and 1 μM
Incubation Time:
For 2 and 4 days
Result:
Induces cell apoptosis in a time- and dose-dependent manner.
Western Blot Analysis[2]
Cell Line:
MH7A human rheumatoid arthritis synovial cells
Concentration:
0.001, 0.1, and 1 μM
Incubation Time:
For 2 and 4 days
Result:
Impairs mTOR activity and leads to cyclin D1 expressions
体内研究 (In Vivo)
Thapsigargin (Injection; 0.25 ug/g, 0.5 ug/g and 1 ug/g; 24 hours) significant increases of 2 to 5-fold in chemokine and pro-inflammatory expression. Thapsigargin is more sensitive to inducing a systemic immune response[4].
MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Animal Model:
Male Balb/c mice (20-25 g)[4]
Dosage:
0.25 ug/g, 0.5 ug/g and 1 ug/g
Administration:
Injection; 24 hours
Result:
Increased of 2 to 5-fold in chemokine and pro-inflammatory expression.
分子量
650.75
Formula
C34H50O12
CAS 号
67526-95-8
中文名称
毒胡萝卜素;毒胡萝卜内酯
运输条件
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
储存方式
-20°C, sealed storage, away from moisture and light
*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture and light)
溶解性数据
In Vitro:
DMSO : 100 mg/mL (153.67 mM; Need ultrasonic)
配制储备液
浓度溶剂体积质量
1 mg
5 mg
10 mg
1 mM
1.5367 mL
7.6834 mL
15.3669 mL
5 mM
0.3073 mL
1.5367 mL
3.0734 mL
10 mM
0.1537 mL
0.7683 mL
1.5367 mL
*
请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液;一旦配成溶液,请分装保存,避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。 储备液的保存方式和期限:-80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture and light)。-80°C 储存时,请在 6 个月内使用,-20°C 储存时,请在 1 个月内使用。
In Vivo:
请根据您的实验动物和给药方式选择适当的溶解方案。以下溶解方案都请先按照 In Vitro 方式配制澄清的储备液,再依次添加助溶剂:
[1]. Geiszt M, et al. Thapsigargin inhibits Ca2+ entry into human neutrophil granulocytes. Biochem J. 1995 Jan 15;305 ( Pt 2):525-8.
[2]. Wang H, et al. Effects of thapsigargin on the proliferation and survival of human rheumatoid arthritis synovialcells. ScientificWorldJournal. 2014 Feb 9;2014:605416.
[3]. Garavito-Aguilar ZV, et al. Differential thapsigargin-sensitivities and interaction of Ca2+ stores in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. Brain Res. 2004 Jun 18;1011(2):177-86.
[4]. Abdullahi A, et al. Modeling Acute ER Stress in Vivo and in Vitro. Shock. 2017 Apr;47(4):506-513.
[5]. Mohammed Samer Shaban, et al. Inhibiting coronavirus replication in cultured cells by chemical ER stress. bioRxiv 2020.08.26.266304;