Purpurogallin carboxylic acid, isolated from Macleaya microcarpa (Maxim.) Fedde, is an oxidation product of gallic acid in fermented tea. Purpurogallin carboxylic acid has anti-cancer activity[1][2].
体外研究 (In Vitro)
Purpurogallin carboxylic acid has an inhibitory effect towards breast (MCF7) and lung (A549) cancer cell lines[2].
Shanghai Jinpan Biotech Co Ltd has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
分子量
264.19
Formula
C12H8O7
CAS 号
5146-12-3
运输条件
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
储存方式
Please store the product under the recommended conditions in the Certificate of Analysis.
参考文献
[1]. Jhoo, J.W, et al. Anti-inflammatory Effects of Purpurogallin Carboxylic Acid, An Oxidation Product of Gallic Acid in Fermented Tea.
[2]. Rambabu M, et al. Virtual screening of National Cancer Institute database for claudin-4 inhibitors: Synthesis, biological evaluation, and molecular dynamics studies. J Cell Biochem. 2018 Nov 26.
Purpurogallin is a naturally phenol extracted from the plants of Quercus spp, has potent xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitory activity with an IC50 of 0.2 µM. Purpurogallin has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects[1][2][3].
IC50 & Target
IC50: 0.2 µM (xanthine oxidase)[3]
体外研究 (In Vitro)
Purpurogallin (50 or 100 µM; 7 or 25 hours; BV2 murine microglial cells) treatment attenuates the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) by suppressing their mRNA and protein expression in LPS-stimulated BV2 microglial cells[1]. Purpurogallin (100 µM; 75-120 minutes; BV2 murine microglial cells) exhibits anti-inflammatory properties by suppressing the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways in LPS-stimulated BV2 microglial cells[1].
上海金畔生物科技有限公司 has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
RT-PCR[1]
Cell Line:
BV2 murine microglial cells
Concentration:
50 or 100 µM
Incubation Time:
7 or 25 hours
Result:
Attenuated the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) by suppressing their mRNA and protein expression.
Western Blot Analysis[1]
Cell Line:
BV2 murine microglial cells
Concentration:
100 µM
Incubation Time:
75 minutes, 90 minutes, 120 minutes
Result:
Suppressed the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways.
体内研究 (In Vivo)
Purpurogallin (100-400 μg/kg; intraperitoneal injection; for 48 or 72 hours; male Sprague-Dawley rats) exerts its neuroinflammation effect through the dual effect of inhibiting IL-6 and TNF-α mRNA expression and reducing HMGB1 protein and mRNA expression[2].
上海金畔生物科技有限公司 has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Animal Model:
Fifty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats (250-350 g) with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH)[2]
Dosage:
100 μg/kg, 200 μg/kg, 400 μg/kg
Administration:
Intraperitoneal injection; for 48 or 72 hours
Result:
Dose-dependently reduced HMGB1 protein expression. High dose reduced TNF-α and HMGB1 mRNA levels.
分子量
220.18
Formula
C11H8O5
CAS 号
569-77-7
中文名称
红倍酚
运输条件
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
将 2 g 磺丁基醚 β-环糊精加入 5 mL 生理盐水中，再用生理盐水定容至 10 mL，完全溶解，澄清透明
*以上所有助溶剂都可在 上海金畔生物科技有限公司 网站选购。
参考文献
[1]. Park HY, et al. Purpurogallin exerts anti‑inflammatory effects in lipopolysaccharide‑stimulated BV2 microglial cells through the inactivation of the NF‑κB and MAPK signaling pathways. Int J Mol Med. 2013 Nov;32(5):1171-8.
[2]. Chang CZ, et al. Purpurogallin, a natural phenol, attenuates high-mobility group box 1 in subarachnoid hemorrhage induced vasospasm in a rat model. Int J Vasc Med. 2014;2014:254270.
[3]. Honda S, et al. Conversion to purpurogallin, a key step in the mechanism of the potent xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity of pyrogallol. Free Radic Biol Med. 2017 May;106:228-235.
